Thursday, March 10, 2011

Clinical Research.. Killing or Cure?

Sebagai seseorang yang bergiat dalam bidang kajian, sememangnya banyak yang positif berbanding negatif. Dari perspektif aku la kan... Tapi bila aku berdiskusi tentang kajian klinikal, ada gak yang cakap kajian ni kejam sebab menggunakan manusia sebagai 'tikus putih'. How shud I say bout this? Hmmm.... Sebenarnya setiap ubat yang currently kat pasaran, semuanya mesti melalui satu proses yang dinamakan Kajian Klinikal. Siapa di sebalik tabir? Meh aku explain...Pasni korang decide la sama ada kami ni btol2 membunuh pesakit atau cuba menyelamatkan mereka!

Sebelum ubat nih dihasilkan, mesti melalui makmal... Yang terlibat adalah ahli2 pharmakologi. Ni sumer mesti melalui kajian2 kat makmal.. Kena tau sebatian atau bahan aktif yang digunakan. Uji kat tikus dulu, embrio ker.. Bukan senang!Bila terbukti mendapat keputusan yang positif, then kajian makmal akan dibawa ke Fasa Kajian Klinikal. Tu pon kalau FDA (Food and Drug Administration) luluskan.

Fasa Pertama (Ujian Keselamatan) - Bila dah terbukti memberikan kesan positif kat makmal, maka kajian diteruskan terhadap manusia. Subjek lebih kurang dalam 20 - 30 orang. Kebiasaan Fasa 1 nih melibatkan prosedur pengambilan sampel yang banyak dan pemeriksaan fizikal yang kerap. Fasa yang sangat kurang dilakukan di Malaysia. And aku sendiri tak pernah wat kajian Fasa Pertama ni. Kesian kat patient!

Fasa Kedua (Ujian Keefisienan) - Bila objektif Fasa Pertama dah tercapai, maka kajian klinikal akan memasuki Fasa Kedua Kajian Klinikal. Kajian ni dilakukan pada pesakit untuk melihat adakah ubat yang dihasilkan dapat memberi manfaat pada pesakit atau takde pape efek. So prosedur pengambilan sampel dan pemeriksaan fizikal masih dilakukan. Subjek terlibat adalah 100 atau lebih. (Lebih ramai dari Fasa Pertama).

Fasa Ketiga (Ujian Pengesahan/Exploratory) -  Kajian Fasa Ketiga ni biasanya lebih selamat berbanding kedua2 fasa yang dibincangkan tadi. Subjek yang terlibat lak lebih ramai dan dilakukan secara rawak. Ada kajian yang dilakukan secara Multicenter. Saiz sampel memainkan peranan penting. Kadang2 sampai 20,000 subjek pon ada. Untuk saiz sampel ideal, sila rujuk Biostatistician anda! Fasa ketiga merupakan kajian klinikal paling menarik. Makin bertambah kerja2 mengkaji. Maklumlah, nak uji sama ada ada efek2 lain ubat, dan selalunya kajian akan membandingkan keefisienan ubat kajian dengan rawatan standard. Bukan senang nak buktikan kan? Kajian kadang2 memakan masa hampir 5 tahun. Huh! Berpeluh *phew*

Perkataan yang sinonim dengan Kajian Klinikal Fasa Ketiga dan maknanya:

Randomized - Bermaksud rawak. Sekiranya anda terlibat dengan Randomized Trial, doktor/penyelidik TAK AKAN TAHU subjek akan tergolong dalam kumpulan mana. Lebih kurang macam baling duit syiling. 50 - 50. Keadaan ini dinamakan 'Blinded Study' :

  • 'single-blind study', pesakit/subjek tidak tahu berada dalam kumpulan yang mendapat rawatan standard ataupun kumpulan yang mendapat rawatan ubat kajian.
  • 'double-blind study', kedua 2 pihak (pesakit dan penyelidik) tidak tahu berada dalam kumpulan yang mendapat rawatan standard ataupun kumpulan yang mendapat rawatan ubat kajian.
Amat penting untuk 'masking' bagi penyelidik sebab kalau tau rawatan yang diterima pesakit, doktor mungkin akan memberikan rawatan secara 'Bias' atau berat sebelah. Kita hanya manusia biasa... Mungkin akan melakukan kesilapan.

Untuk mengelakkan HAK-HAK dan KESELAMATAN subjek/pesakit terjamin, undang2 yang dapat melindungi hak2 dan keselamatan subjek digubal dan Badan2 Etika Kemanusiaan ditubuhkan untuk memantau dan melakukan saringan ke atas kajian2 yang akan dilakukan. Kat Malaysia, kita ada MREC (Medical Research Ethics Committee). Sebelum kajian klinikal dijalankan di Malaysia, hantar permohonan ke NMRR dan dapatkan kelulusan dari Badan Etika ye! Bagi universiti dan Hospital yang bukan kerajaan, Badan Etika diwujudkan oleh pihak universiti. Kalau hospital kerajaan plak, memang kena melalui MREC dan CRC (Clinical Research Centre). Bukan senang2 jer gunakan pesakit!

Penyelidik dan kakitangan yang terlibat dalam Kajian Klinikal mestilah mempunyai kepakaran dalam bidang masing2 dan wajib ada Sijil GCP (Good Clinical Practice) dan Medical Licence. Jangan ada sijil jer tapi tak praktikkan. Staff yang cukup, fasiliti yang lengkap. Nanti kena audit oleh FDA, naya jer.

Hmm... Bila dah dapat kelulusan, baru la dapat buat penyelidikan!

Even a 1000 cups of coffee with a friend it is too little (n_n)v

Wednesday, March 9, 2011

The Neutral Day

I'm happy to wake up early in the morning after watching Hindi Muvies last nite. My abdominal muscle streched to its limitations, from the top of the pelvic bone area until the lower ribs. . Discomfort. Mildly. Laughing to the funny thing presented in the muvies. It did run very well.

As I've planned to start clinic at 0930am, having my breakfast with Nasi Lemak (so typical) and my fevorite Nescafe. Made my day! The clinic run smoothly with couples staff to work it out. (Thanks to my colleagues). Finishing the preparation for the day, I'm texting my bigboss to come over. He couldn'nt make it as he had some other plan at some other place. Urgh! I shud have text him a day before or maybe last nite. I've to agree dat dats my mistakes (T_T)

So far, I've to put trouble on my great cardiologist, Dr. Effarezan to help me out. She seems quite tense. Maybe with the long Q of patients waiting to be consulted. And yet, I'm adding some 'extra job' for the day. Am sorry for dat. Then, the time passed by and its our turn. Yeay! She did great job. Consulting patients and manage to get them everything they need. I love the smile on her face, I love her accent and love how she do thing hierarchyly...

To be cont'

Even a 1000 cups of coffee with a friend it is too little (n_n)v

Tuesday, March 8, 2011

Cardiologist a.k.a 'The Chesty Specialist'

Impression/Conclusion of most people to my specialist group. It seems reliable, at the first glance before I know them more. For me, they have a reason to be that way. I'm happy that some people have some attitude for their characters. This attitude does not stop me from doing my job. As I know about them, they are the most enjoyable person I ever know despite of their 'fully occupied' schedule. They know how to enjoy their life very well.

The Chesty Specialist are:

  • Confident. No such things they call (maybe, we r not sure, i think...) It is all 'certainly'.
  • Good analyzer as good as they analyzing heart disease.
  • Determined. Undeniable decision.
  • Inquisitive. What u do is not wat u get.
  • Know how to get rid of 'certain' people. Dun juz accepting all people to join in. It is good to have a 'safe' circle around you.

No matter how bad people talk about The Chesty Specialist, for me they deserved to treat as specialist/Consultant. And they do inspire me to be better (^__^)

I see the love and care behind the Red Eyed Monster. He might be strict and irritating, but comparing to others, he is the most responsible and dependable person. I'm grateful him for that attitude, I be able to do my job better and people do respect him. And to his Co-Investigators, Dr. MK and Dr. EAR its good that you learn how to get strict at people. Being too nice most of the time might interrupting few things in life (^__^)



Even a 1000 cups of coffee with a friend it is too little (n_n)v

Sunday, March 6, 2011

My Mind Relaxation Strategies

Maintain my automobile. This one might not seem like fun to some people, but for me it is enjoyable! Not any car washer can clean and maintain my automobile as I do.

Explore my own town. I'll spend a day to explore my own place, whether it's a park or historical site.

Explore the great outdoors. Find a nearby wilderness preserve or park, and hike or bike it.

Get in touch. Visit, write or call a loved one that I've been meaning to touch base with more often.Mum, siblings and close friends.

Clean my house. Okay, this really may not sound like much fun, but crank up some favorite tunes and spend an afternoon seriously cleaning my home until it sparkles. As un-fun as cleaning might be, the result is very satisfying.

Spend time making a wish list. One of the best things that I can do to have fun with myself is to daydream. The best part about that is that it doesn’t ever cost me anything at all. I've make a list of goals – places to travel someday, achievements I’d like to make, things I want to change about yourself. This inspires me to do more with your life. I find it fun to daydream for awhile all by myself.

Make up stories. It is fun to stretch my imaginations by creating stories in my minds. Telling my own stories or work on stories together in blog. Please refer: http://marimerapik.blogspot.com/.

Resume an old sport or hobby that I gave up.Left the Rollerblade games few years ago. Starting that game back inspired me.

Have long, relaxed conversations. I do take the time to really engage in long conversations about relaxed topics with the people that I enjoy speaking with. Getting together for a cup of coffee in my living room/secret recipe/warong and talk about our favorite memories, our biggest dreams, oursilliest stories.


Read something that interests me. SUDOKU. I dun read much books but the SUDOKU really did make me enjoy the day.
Even a 1000 cups of coffee with a friend it is too little (n_n)v

Saturday, March 5, 2011

An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure

"I'm almost falling sick juz before the day of screening a few patients for EXAMINE and ADVANCE ON... Oh God! I knew I've overworked my body for this few months. Please give me juz a day to complete my task."

Jump in Clinical Trial teach me how to manage myself and do not fall sick. I rarely get enuf rest. But I'm feeling great whenever I've accomplish my job for the day, successfully.



Whenever I feel I'm gonna fall sick, I do take some prevention such as:

          • Physically Active - Research shows that physical activity can help prevent at least six diseases: heart disease, high blood pressure, obesity (excess weight), diabetes, osteoporosis, and mental disorders, such as depression.  I shud keep this in mind.
  • Enuf Rest - Sleep

  • Getting Medicines - Keep basic medicines at home whenever i need it (Paracetamol, Cough Syrup, Aspirin, Piriton, Salbutamol, Mucosolvan)


  • Overcoming Depression - The earlier I get treatment for depression, the sooner I will begin to feel better. (The longer you wait, the harder depression is to treat.)





  • Happening Hangout - Get my friends together enjoying the day. Laugh as nothing will trouble myself. Be Happy!




That day, we've successfully recruit 4 subjects for ADVANCE ON and 1 subject for EXAMINE. The others were successfully follow up. Thanks to Allah to keep me healthy..

Even a 1000 cups of coffee with a friend it is too little (n_n)v